Climate skeptics don't 'deny science'
BILL CLINTON DECLARED LAST WEEK that Americans "look like a joke"
because leading Republican presidential contenders decline to embrace
the agenda of the global-warming alarmists. Presumably he had in mind
Texas Governor Rick Perry, who says that "global warming has been
politicized" and calls claims of a decisive human role in climate change
an unproven theory. "You can't win the nomination of a major political party in the US," fumed the former president, "unless you deny science?"
To which Marc Morano, publisher of the irreverently skeptical website Climate Depot,
promptly replied: "Bill is correct! No Democratic presidential
candidate could get the nomination unless they deny the large role that
natural variability plays in climate."
Ivar Giaever, a Nobel laureate in physics, protests the effort to close the debate over whether climate change is manmade.
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In truth, global-warming alarmism is not
science at all -- not in the way that electromagnetic radiation or the
laws of planetary motion or molecular biology is science. Catastrophic
climate change is an interpretation of certain scientific data,
an interpretation based on theories about the causes and effects of
growing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is not
"denying science" to have doubts about the correctness of that
interpretation any more than it is "denying economics" to have doubts
about the efficacy of Kenyesian pump-priming.
You don't have to look far to see that
impeccable scientific standards can go hand-in-hand with skepticism
about global warming. Ivar Giaever, a 1973 Nobel laureate in physics, resigned this month as a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) to protest the organization's official position that evidence of manmade climate change is "incontrovertible" and cause for alarm.
In an e-mail explaining his resignation, Giaever challenges the view that any scientific assertion is so sacred that it cannot be contested.
"In the APS it is ok to discuss whether the
mass of the proton changes over time and how a multi-universe behaves,"
Giaever writes, incredulous, "but the evidence of global warming is incontrovertible?"
Nor does Giaever, a Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty member,
share the society's view that carbon emissions threaten "significant
disruptions in the Earth's physical and ecological systems, social
systems, security, and human health." In fact, the very concept of a "global" temperature is one he questions:
"The claim (how can you measure the average temperature of the whole earth for a whole
year?) is that the temperature has changed from ~288.0 to ~288.8
degrees Kelvin in about 150 years, which (if true) means to me … that
the temperature has been amazingly stable, and both human health and
happiness have definitely improved in this 'warming' period."
By now, only ideologues and political propagandists
insist that all reputable scientists agree on the human responsibility
for climate change. Even within the American Physical Society, the
editor of "Physics and Society" (an APS publication) has acknowledged that "there is a considerable presence within the scientific community of people who do not agree … that anthropogenic CO2 emissions are … primarily responsible for the global warming that has occurred since the Industrial Revolution."
Giaever is only one of many distinguished
scientists who dissent from the alarmist view on climate change. Among
the others are Richard Lindzen of MIT and John Christy of the University
of Alabama at Huntsville, both noted climatologists; the eminent
physicist Freeman Dyson of Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study; and
S. Fred Singer, professor emeritus of environmental science at the
University of Virginia. Within the population of weather experts best
known to the public -- broadcast meteorologists -- The New York Times reported last year that skepticism of the prevailing anthropogenic global-warming theory "appears to be widespread."
Because there is only one
Earth, researchers have no way to reliably distinguish natural climate
change from manmade effects. "We cannot put the Earth in a laboratory
and carry out experiments on it," says climatologist Roy Spencer.
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Such skepticism is not "anti-science."
Everything in science is subject to challenge; innumerable facts about
the natural world have been discovered only by poking holes in
once-prevailing theories. And if that is true generally, how much more
so is it true when it comes to something as vast and complex as climate
change? Researchers still have no way "to reliably discriminate between
manmade warming and natural warming processes," climate scientist Roy Spencer has written.
"We cannot put the Earth in a laboratory and carry out experiments on
it. There is only one global warming experiment, and we are all
participating in it right now."
Someday the workings of climate change may
be as well understood as plate tectonics or photosynthesis. Until then,
different theories will compete, assumptions will be fought over, and
scientific findings will be overstated by people with political or
social agendas. We'll know that the science really is settled when the battles have come to an end.
(Jeff Jacoby is a columnist for The Boston Globe. His website is www.JeffJacoby.com).
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